[Effetti dell’elettrochemioterapia sulla vascolarizzazione tumorale: implicazioni nel trattamento delle metastasi sanguinanti]
Tomaz Jarm1, Maja Cemazar2, Damijan Miklavcic1 and Gregor Sersa2 Expert Rev. Anticancer Ther. 10(5), 729–746 (2010) La somministrazione intratumorale o endovenosa di farmaci chemioterapici poco permeanti (bleomicina o cisplatino) seguita dalla elettroporazione locale del tessuto (EP) viene denominata elettrochemioterapia (ECT). La EP facilita l’entrata del farmaco nelle cellule, producendo di fatto un potenziamento locale di diversi ordini di grandezza dell’effetto citotossico del farmaco.
L’effetto “vascular lock” L’effetto “vascular disrupting” In breve
Il ruolo dei due effetti sopracitati si stima possa contribuire in modo cruciale, insieme alla risposta immune, alla spesso osservata risposta completa e duratura nel tempo dei tumori trattati con ECT. La sequenza di eventi che interferiscono con il flusso sanguigno tumorale dopo EP da sola o dopo ECT è descritta nell’immagine sottostante. ECT DI METASTASI DA MELANOMI SANGUINANTI
Le metastasi da melanoma ricorrenti, spesso doloranti e ulcerate, talvolta sanguinanti, rappresentano un problema per il medico, perché difficilmente trattabili con successo, e per il paziente, perché sono fonte di disagio psicologico e di forte stress. Gli effetti sulla vascolarizzazione tumorale esercitati dall’ECT assumono grande importanza nel trattamento dei tumori non accessibili dalla cute, specialmente in organi ben vascolarizzati, come per esempio il fegato, dove l’ECT può prevenire il sanguinamento delle aree trattate.. Bibliografia • Sersa G, Jarm T, Kotnik T, Coer A, Podkrajsek M, Sentjurc M, Miklavcic D, Kadivec M , Kranjc S, Secerov and Cemazar M (2008)Vascular disrupting action of electroporation and electrochemotherapy with bleomycin in murine sarcoma. Br. J. 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